(Answer any five questions. Please follow the breakup of marks & use diagram as applicable)

1.    Mention the differences between mitotic and meiotic cell division. Enumerate the phases and results of fertilization?     4+4
2.    Mention the definition and composition of  bone. Describe the different parts of a growing long bone. What is growing end?    3+4+1
3.    Describe the steps of dissection of a typical intercostal space mentioning its boundaries and contents. What is flail chest?    6+2

4.    Write down the formation and posterior relations of the base of the heart. Describe the origin, course, branches and area of distribution of left coronary artery.    4+4
5.    Draw and label the bronchopulmonary segments of both lungs. Mention the clinical importance of bronchopulmonary segments.                                                                                                                         6+2
6.    Explain anatomically, why/how-
a.    in obstruction of  superior or inferior venacava, azygos vein maintains collateral circulation.
b.    manubrium sterni is chosen for red bone marrow aspiration.
c.    right lung is more prone to infection.                                                                                                           3+3+2





Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false against left side of each alternative.

1.    Following statement(s) is/are correct regarding thoracic vertebrae-
F    a)    heart-shaped body is the cardinal feature
T    b)    T8 vertebra has the longest spinous process
T    c)    T9 vertebra has superior demifacet only
F    d)    T10  vertebra is typical
T    e)    transverse process of T12 vertebra has no articular facet
2.    Thoracic duct drains lymph from-
F    a)    right arm
T    b)    left arm
F    c)    right half of the thorax
F    d)    right side of the head
T    e)    left side of the head
3.    Stimulation of vagus nerve
T    a)    decreases heart rate
T    b)    causes bronchoconstriction
F    c)    increases cardiac output
T    d)    increases bronchial secretion
F    e)    raises blood pressure
4.    Pulmonary unit include(s) the following-
F    a)    terminal bronchiole
T    b)    respiratory bronchiole
T    c)    alveolar ducts
T    d)    alveoli
F    e)    air-blood barrier
5.    Following statement(s) is/are correct regarding pleura-
T    a)    it is a closed serous sac
F    b)    visceral pleura is attached to the hilum of the lung
F    c)    supra-pleural membrane is formed by it
T    d)    mediastinal pleura forms the lateral boundary of the mediastinum
T    e)    pleural reflection extends more on the left side than the right side
6.    Secondary cartilaginous joints of the thorax is/are-
F    a)    1st chondro-sternal joint
T    b)    manubrio-sternal joint
F    c)    costotransverse joint
F    d)    sternoclavicular joint
T    e)    joints between the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae
7.    Neck of the 1st rib is related to
T    a)    sympathetic trunk
F    b)    1st anterior intercostal vein
T    c)    superior intercostal artery
T    d)    1st thoracic spinal nerve
F    e)    subclavian artery
8.    Content(s) of the posterior mediastinum is/are-
T    a)    descending thoracic aorta
F    b)    trachea
T    c)    thoracic duct
T    d)    oesophagus
F    e)    phrenic nerve
9.    The diaphragm is attached to the-
F    a)    body of the sternum
T    b)    xiphoid process
F    c)    body of the 12th thoracic vertebra
T    d)    1st lumbar vertebra
T    e)    12th rib
10.    In the thorax, oesophagus is constricted where it is crossed by the following structures-
F    a)    right principal bronchus
T    b)    left principal bronchus
T    c)    arch of the aorta
F    d)    ascending aorta
F    e)    phrenic nerve